The volume addresses the subjects of children, Betar activists, and ultra-Orthodox rabbis, and spans Poland, Israel, Romania, Ukraine, and Hungary, tracing the theme of how the Holocaust is remembered and researched. The contributors include: Joanna Michlic on the postwar Jewish Children’s Home in Otwock, children’s experiences during and after the war, and continuity and change in child survivors’ memories; Dariusz Libionka and Laurence Weinbaum on the Betar Zionist youth farms near Hrubieszów in 1941 and this group’s possible impact on the Warsaw ghetto uprising; Diana Dumitru with a two-tiered comparative analysis of rural and urban attitudes toward Jews in Romanian-controlled Bessarabia and Transnistria; Isaac Hershkowitz on the wartime controversy over the escape of Hasidic rabbis from Budapest in 1943-44; Yfaat Weiss on the close relationship between Israeli writer Leah Goldberg and her 1930s German doctoral advisor, Prof. Paul Ernst Kahle; and review articles by David Engel and Natalia Aleksiun, on recent important books by some of the leading scholars in Poland